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Sprache: ENGLISHSeiten: 109
Fuchs, Daniel; Wenten, Frido

China: Developmental Models and Environmental Governance

 

This special issue marks the second instalment of our thematic focus on China’s political economy under Xi Jinping. In our previous issue (JEP 4-2019), we pointed out that Xi’s ascendance to become General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and President of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 2012 and 2013 respectively, has been widely interpreted as a major turning point in China’s recent history. Such an interpretation in terms of a significant caesura has gained further prominence both within and outside of China, after the CCP had proclaimed the beginning of a ‘new era’ in 2017. With a view to assessing this trope of rupture and to contribute to a critical understanding of China’s current political economic challenges, the articles in this special issue offer a re-interpretation of China’s development model, as well as two in-depth studies on the characteristics of environmental governance under the Xi administration.

 

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Fuchs, Daniel; Wenten, Frido

Development Models and Environmental Governance under Xi Jinping

Sprache: EnglischSeiten: 4-9https://doi.org/10.20446/JEP-2414-3197-36-1-4
  • Abstract
  • Literatur

Introduction
 

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Kostka, Genia/Zhang, Chunman (2018): Tightening the grip: environmental governance under Xi Jinping. In: Environmental Politics 27 (5), 769-781. https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2018.1491116


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Roberts, Michael

China: Three Models Of Development

Sprache: EnglischSeiten: 10-39https://doi.org/10.20446/JEP-2414-3197-36-1-10
  • Abstract
  • Literatur
  • Keywords

In the past 40 years, China’s growth has been phenomenal. And, since the global financial crisis and the Great Recession in the major capitalist economies, China has continued to close the output gap with the leading capitalist economies. Will China continue to catch up in the next 40 years or will it suffer the fate of the so-called ‘middle income trap’ experienced by other ‘emerging’ economies? The article considers three possible models of development as offered by, respectively neoclassical growth theory; Keynesianstyle forced investment; and a Marxian model based on the law of value and profitability. The neoclassical model highlights China’s comparative advantage of cheap and plentiful labour; the Keynesian model concentrates on the role of China’s high investment ratio; the Marxist model emphasises China’s exceptional restriction of the law of value in capitalist production: or what might be termed, ‘socialism with Chinese characteristics’.
 

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China, models, Keynes, Marx, Neoclassical

Marinaccio, Julia

Banning Logging, Conserving Legitimacy: Large-Scale Ecological Restoration under Xi Jinping

Sprache: EnglischSeiten: 40-60https://doi.org/10.20446/JEP-2414-3197-36-1-40
  • Abstract
  • Literatur
  • Keywords

“Organizational ideology” (Schurmann 1968) continues to be constitutive in contemporary Chinese politics. The issue of the urgency of coherence between values and action shapes decision-making and how the leadership conveys its decisions to the public. The case study of the recent logging ban in natural forests shows that the policy sends symbolic messages of political will and regime capacity to reconcile conflicting interests of development. The official propaganda turns it into a signature policy of Xi Jinping while constructing the path-dependency of party-rule and attempts to substantiate future projections with empirical data from the past. Nevertheless, the policy is contested among experts and also bears political risks.

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China, legitimacy, forestry, logging ban, Xi Jinping

Steuer, Benjamin

Governing China's Informal Waste Collectors under Xi Jinping: Aligning Interests to Yield Effective Outcomes

Sprache: EnglischSeiten: 61-87https://doi.org/10.20446/JEP-2414-3197-36-1-67
  • Abstract
  • Literatur
  • Keywords

The present article analyses the changing relationship between the Chinese government on the one hand and informal waste collectors and pre-processors on the other. Over time, the modes of engagement have varied considerably, and since Xi Jinping’s tenure as president, the approach of central and local governments has taken a surprising turn: instead of forcefully incorporating informal actors, new collection schemes appear to provide more latitude to informal actors. While the schemes feature formal characteristics, e.g. uniform logos, attire and machinery, daily operations are individually organised by informal actors. Based on a model of institutional evolution, this article argues that the hereby improved effectiveness in the domain of waste collection results from formal institutional solutions that sufficiently address the interests of all involved stakeholders.

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China, circular economy, informal recycling, institutions, Xi Jinping

Pfeffer, Clemens

Gerhard Hauck: "Was der Entwicklungsforschung als Gegenstand bleibt..."

Sprache: DeutschSeiten: 88-100https://doi.org/10.20446/JEP-2414-3197-36-1-88
  • Abstract
  • Literatur

Der Sozialwissenschafter Gerhard Hauck (* 1939) studierte Ethnologie und Soziologie in Heidelberg und beschäftigt sich seit den frühen 1960er-Jahren mit entwicklungstheoretischen Fragen. Im deutschen Sprachraum zählt er seit vielen Jahrzehnten zum Kreis der wichtigsten KritikerInnen des dominanten Entwicklungsparadigmas. Als transdisziplinärer Grenzgänger überschreitet er konsequent die Schranken institutionalisierter Fachrichtungen und gewinnt etablierten Themengebieten neue Facetten ab. Im Interview schildert Hauck, was ihn ursprünglich zu einer kritischen Beschäftigung mit Entwicklungsfragen bewegte, wie er die Zukunft der Entwicklungsforschung sieht und welche Rolle die Verhandlung von Gerechtigkeits- und Wahrheitsfragen in seinen Werken spielt.

1 Das Interview wurde am 15. Dezember 2016 via Telefon geführt und dabei aufgezeichnet. Die Transkription erfolgte durch Clemens Pfeffer im Herbst 2019.
2 Hauck, Gerhard (1965): Die politischen Führungsschichten in den neuen Staaten Schwarz-Afrikas. Dissertation. Heidelberg: Philosophische Fakultät.
3 Siehe hierzu Hauck, Gerhard (1975): Das Elend der bürgerlichen Entwicklungstheorie. In: Tibi, Bassam/Brandes, Volkhard (Hg.): Handbuch 2: Unterentwicklung. Frankfurt: Europäische Verlagsanstalt, 36-63.
4 Fischer, Karin/Hauck, Gerhard/Boatcă, Manuela (Hrsg., 2016): Handbuch Entwicklungsforschung. Wiesbaden: Springer.
5 Der Begriff homo oeconomicus stammt aus der neoklassischen Ökonomie des späten 19. Jahrhunderts und bezeichnet einen modellhaften Menschen, der von wirtschaftlichen Zweckmäßigkeitserwägungen geleitetet wird.
6 Siehe hierzu das Buch Gesellschaft und Staat in Afrika (2001, Brandes & Apsel), in dem Hauck die sozialen, politischen und wirtschaftlichen Transformationsvorgänge vom vorkolonialen über das koloniale ins postkoloniale Afrika nachzeichnet
und gängige politsoziologische Deutungen kritisch behandelt.
7 Siehe hierzu Pfeffer, Clemens (2014): Rezension zu Gerhard Hauck. 2012. Globale
Vergesellschaftung und koloniale Differenz. In: Stichproben. Zeitschrift für
kritische Afrikastudien 14 (27), 105-112.

8 Siehe hierzu Gerhard Haucks Publikationen Evolution, Entwicklung, Unterentwicklung:

Gesellschaftstheoretische Abhandlungen (1996, IKO), Die Gesellschaftstheorie
und ihr Anderes: Wider den Eurozentrismus in den Sozialwissenschaften (2003,
Westfälisches Dampfboot), Kultur: Zur Karriere einer sozialwissenschaftlichen Kategorie
(2006, Westfälisches Dampfboot), Globale Vergesellschaftung und koloniale
Differenz: Essays (2012, Westfälisches Dampfboot).

9 Pereda, Carlos (1993): Zwei Modelle aufgeklärter Vernunft. In: Menke, Christoph/
Seel, Martin (Hg.): Zur Verteidigung der Vernunft gegen ihre Liebhaber
und Verächter. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 129-148.

10 Randeria, Shalini (1999): Geteilte Geschichte und verwobene Moderne. In: Jegelka,
Norbert/Leitgeb, Hanna/Rüsen, Jörn (Hg.): Zukunftsentwürfe: Ideen für eine
Kultur der Veränderung. Frankfurt am Main: Campus, 87-96.

11 Siehe u.a. Habermas, Jürgen (1981): Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns. Bd. 1. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.
12 Meyer, John W./Rowan, Brian (1977): Institutionalized Organizations: Formal
Structure as Myth and Ceremony. In: American Journal of Sociology 83, 340-363.

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